Alkinai
CnH2n-2
CH
≡ CH
- etinas (acetilenas)
CH3
―
C ≡ CH
- propinas
CH3
― CH2
― C
≡
C
- 1-butinas
CH3
―
C ≡
C ― CH
- 2-butinas
Gavimas
1)
R ― CH2 ― CBr2 ― R
+
2KOH
(alkoholinis tirpalas) ―> R
― C ≡ C
― R +
2KBr
+
2H2O
2) CaC2
+
2H2O ―>
Ca(OH)2 +
C2H2
Cheminės
savybės
1)
CH ≡ CH
+
Br2
―> CHBr
= CHBr
+
Br2 ―>
CHBr2
―
CHBr2
2)
CH3
― C
≡ CH
+ HCl
―>
CH3
― CCl = CH2
+ HCl
―>
CH3
― CCl2
― CH3
3)
CH ≡ CH
+
H2O ―>
CH3CH
= O (Hg2+,
H+)
4) R ― C
≡ CH
+
H2O ―>
R ― CO ― CH3
(Hg2+, H+)
5) CH3
― C
≡ CH
+
H2 ―>
CH3
― CH
= CH2
+
H2 ―>
CH3
― CH2
―
CH3
6)
RC
≡ CH + [Ag(NH3)2]OH
―>
RC
≡ CAg + 2NH3
+
H2O
7) 3CH ≡ CH
―> C6H6 (C, 6000C) |